3.1 Flux-i wood gasifier CHP drive 

 

Most commonly used motors in small cogeneration plants are 4-stroke or diesel engines. 

 

Due to the different torques have diesel engines usually have a better power to heat ratio. 

Single-cylinder engines have the disadvantage that at low problems of fuel supply or ignition caused startup problems. 

 

In multi-cylinder engines as our Toyota 4Y such problems by the other cylinders are balanced. 

 

In House requested that the engines operate with less noise. Here the Toyota gas engine by "softer" Burns has significantly lower noise levels.

 

Ultimately decide the existing fuel and the amount of power over the course of the CHP. 

 

Lately strengthened "Stirling engines are "appeared on the market. The decisive advantage over 4-stroke or diesel engine is presented with low maintenance costs and quiet operation.  Unfortunately be achieved with Stirling engines, the worst power ratios. The maximum efficiency is only achieved after long warm-up phases. 

Timings that occur inevitably in the small object, leading to low overall efficiency.

 

Generators are connected directly to the crankshaft in modern CHP. 

 

On possible wear parts such as transmission gears, couplings or V-belts is omitted in our wood gasification CHP. 

 

Used with us a highly efficient permanent magnet generator with 29 kW maximum power at 4,400 rev / min. 

 

 

3.2 Biomass, biogas, wood-CHP heat generation 

 

The accumulating in the engine thermal energy is in leave the heating system. 

 

The special feature of the wood gasification CHP is that the motor should always be cooled sufficiently. 

 

For this purpose, the return of the heating is used. 

While the boiler is usually waits to hot return water, the system must dissipate the heat through the emergency cooler. 

 

Boilers are set up so that you start with 100% power to the burner and be 100% power off directly. 

 

An internal combustion engine needs cooling. 

It must be ensured that on the one hand sufficient cooling water is supplied, on the other hand is the engine work in ideal operating temperatures. 

The CHP itself has security features that prevent overheating and ensure operating temperature. 

 

In order to avoid short-term heat demand changes, the operating heating buffer memory is recommended. 

In addition to effect that the buffer memory makes the system sluggish, the buffer usually also acts as a low loss header. 

The connection of the CHP to the pipelines is realized via flexible connection hoses.

 

 

3.3 Biomass Power CHP: electric power 

3.3.1 Electrical power generation 

 

Depending on the type of generator is generated current after reaching a certain speed in the generator. 

It must be backed up with directly powered generators that voltage and frequency are the same as the public network (asynchronous and synchronous generators).

 

Our permanent magnet generators produce already at low speeds electrical energy. 

Modulation is possible to a greater extent. 

However, the energy produced is not network sync.

 

About power electronics voltage and frequency is adapted to the network. 

In order to operate cogeneration power parallel is the network operator requires a safety device. 

This is intended to prevent for intended activation of the network by the network operator, no current is fed from the CHP into the public grid. 

 

Our CHP is already provided in the factory with these devices.

 

Unfortunately, utilities show in Germany uncooperative in the construction of power-generating systems. 

Substance with network congestion regionally additional devices are required. 

The technical connection conditions of the power utilities have been constantly stepped up in recent years and are not very conducive to the establishment of CHP plants. 

Processing times, which are determined according to CHP Law, are rarely complied with. 

The electricity produced is clamped on an appropriate point of separation and security on the home network. 

 

With electric production CHP electricity is first consumed in the home network.

 

Excess energy flows through a series feed-in into the public grid from and will be remunerated according to the CHP Act.

 

Additional facilities are not required for mains parallel operation with feed. 

 

CHP units which should only be fed directly (point of separation and security) are connected via feed-in to the public grid. 

If the electricity to other consumers are supplied, so many points are to be-think. 

 

For this purpose, a special consultation with our partner company should be requested. 

 

Generally it can be said that small wood gasification CHP are rarely suitable for sale to third parties. 

Can or will be, if anything, be settled only to a consumer on its home network and a feed. 

 

 

3.3.2 Wood gasification and biomass CHP: The quality of electric energy 

 

 

Electric power is the product of current and voltage. 

With conventional metrology can only be the current or voltage peaks when AC measure. 

 

If the tips of time superimposed, the calculated product is identical standing with the energy actually available. (Active power) If there is a phase shift between current and voltage, the same values ​​are measured but the power lies below the calculated value. 

 

Phase shift leads to lower efficiency and occurs at each coil which is clamped directly on the net. 

 

The best efficiency located at cos phi = 1 (theoretical value) CHP with inverters can generate electric power with power factor close to 1.

 

Our Flux-i Biomass Generator CHP with directly connected generator (coil circuit) reach cos phi <0.9 10% of the measured energy are no longer available.

 

When selecting a suitable CHP is to pay attention to the "real power". 

 

If the electric power indicated by kVA, it should be either active power. 

 

Only with increased technical and financial effort a power factor correction is possible. 

 

However, only the quality of energy is improved. 

 

The amount of the active power does not increase.

 

 

3.4 Woodchip power Generator CHP: modulation and power modulation 

 

 

Whoever builds a new boiler in his object, goes assuming that the boiler is working modulating. 

 

Also Cogeneration can modulate. 

However, various concepts are being pursued. 

Modulation on the market are to be found the most common cogeneration with solid performance. 

 

Some manufacturers declare that their products modulate. 

This involves areas between 50% and 100% electrical power. 

The thermal output does not drop it in the same proportion. 

 

But this is especially for the "heat-controlled" is important. 

In this type of modulation, the overall efficiency decreases. 

 

Will throttle the emaciated motor driven or greasy. 

The best efficiency, these CHP however at a fixed speed at 100%. 

 

The CHP clocked and does not allow continuous electrical production. 

 

Our power modulation our wood cogeneration plant provides power modulation over a real CONTROLLING THE SPEED with "fuzzy logic". 

 

The basic idea is that the wood gasification CHP always receive the cheapest gas air mixture. 

 

Introducing a scheme the engine a load on the generator is available, which can run faster or slower the engine. 

 

About lambda measuring the gas air mixture is adjusted. 

 

Using the latest techno-logy is the wood-electricity cogeneration "Flux-i Biopower" equipped. 

Here, the power modulation is not only based on instantaneous-request, but the chips CHP learned over extended periods and modulated based on lessons learned in advance. 

 

Taking advantage of the buffer memory runtime Optimized is modulated. 

 

The biomass cogeneration always tries to produce. Here, Heater, hot water, electricity needs have priority.